警訊藥品
一個藥品使用錯誤時,有極高機率會對病人造成明顯傷害,則稱此藥為高警訊藥品 ( high-alert medications )。本部比照美國ISMP ( Institute for Safe Medication Practices ) 公佈之高警訊藥品訂定本院之高警訊藥品品項,定期更新公告,提供全院醫療人員參考。
表. 美國ISMP定義高警訊藥品
應提高警覺之21類藥品 | 應提高警覺之12項特定藥品 | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. | Adrenergic agonists, iv | 1. | EPINEPHrine |
2. | Adrenergic antagonists, iv | 2. | Subcutaneous epoprostenol (Flolan),IV |
3. | Anesthetic agents, general, inhaled & iv | 3. | Insulin U-500 (special emphasis) |
4. | Antiarrhythmics, iv | 4. | Magnesium sulfate injection |
5. | Antithrombotic agents, including warfarin, low-molecular-weight heparin, iv unfractionated heparin, factor Xa inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, thrombolytics, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors |
5. | Methotrexate, oral, non-oncologic use |
6. | Opium tincture | ||
7. | Oxytocin, IV | ||
8. | Nitroprusside, sodium, for injection | ||
9. | Potassium chloride for injection | ||
10. | Concentrate potassium phosphates injection | ||
11 | Promethazine, IV | ||
6. | Cardioplegic solutions | 12. | Vasopressin, IV or intraosseous |
7. | Chemotherapeutic agents, parenteral & oral | ||
8. | Dextrose, hypertonic, 20% or greater | ||
9. | Dialysis solutions, peritoneal & hemodialysis | ||
10. | Epidural or intrathecal medications | ||
11. | Inotropic medications, iv | ||
12. | Insulin, subcutaneous and IV | ||
13. | Liposomal forms of drugs (e.g., liposomal amphotericin B) |
||
14. | Moderate sedation agents, IV | ||
15. | Moderate sedation agents, oral, for children | ||
16. | Narcotics/opiates, iv , transdermal & oral (including liquid concentrates, immediate- & sustained- release) | ||
17. | Neuromuscular blocking agents | ||
18. | Parenteral nutrition preparations | ||
19. | Radiocontrast agents, IV | ||
20. | Sterile water for injection, inhalation, and irrigation (excluding pour bottles) in containers of 100ml or more | ||
21. | Sodium chloride injection, hypertonic, more than 0.9% concentration |